Web And Information Security Archives | Page 2 of 3

VPS vs Shared Hosting – Which is more secure?

Published in Security on August 19, 2015

The world of hosting is complex, it’s further complicated when you throw security into the mix. A few months back I wrote an article on the delicate line between where the hosts security responsibility begins, and where yours, as the website owner, is required. That however did not address one key question – Which hosting environment is more secure? This is one of the most common questions I get asked.

The response, as you might imagine, is not as simple as the question itself. This question is often confused with misinformation and bias and the responses are often grossly inaccurate. I will spend some time thinking through the various points, applying insight where possible, in the hopes of helping you making a more informed decision on the type of hosting environments, and which ones make the most sense for you.

The Dynamic and Complicated Online Threats

Published in Security on June 1, 2015

This May I was thrilled to travel to Prague, Czech Republic as a keynote speaker for J And Beyond 2015, An International Joomla Conference to deliver the talk The Dynamic and Complicated Online Threats (Challenges Website Owners Face). I was also thrilled to have my company, Sucuri, sponsor the event.

After investing the better part of five years analyzing and assessing the state of security within the realm of websites, I travel the world engaging website owners in an effort to address the security challenges webmasters face today through education and awareness. The website landscape continues to evolve, affecting website owners around the world. We have to take a minute to look at the website landscape, appreciate the nuances that the end-users are struggling with and look forward at what the future holds for us.

The purpose of the talk is a high level orientation of the existing threat landscape affecting all website-owners, especially those leveraging CMS applications like Joomla!

Check out the video of my presentation below:

Website Access Control and Security

Published in Security on January 23, 2015

Website security has become a hot bed over the past few years. More and more companies are joining the game in hopes of capitalizing on what they perceive to be huge opportunities. The one vector that seems to be all the rave is Access Control.

When I talk to access control, I specifically talk to mechanisms in place to restrict access to a resource. Think how you connect to your website. Are you using WordPress, Joomla, Magento or some vBulletin? Maybe it’s a custom PHP, HTML, ASP website?

Regardless of the platform, you have some form of access vector you employ daily.

If you’re a WordPress user, you’re likely leveraging /wp-admin. If you’re on Joomla, you’re using /administrator, and so on and so on — each platform providing its own means for connection. Access vectors don’t stop there. They extend well beyond the application itself. Think about things like File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) and Secure Shell (SSH). These are transfer protocols that are still part of your website access vectors.

This can be extended further when you think about things like your hosting panels and database log in panels, additional forms of access vectors. But now we start diving into a very deep rabbit hole.

Website Security and Auto-Updates

Published in Security on November 27, 2014

If we could only auto-update our applications when vulnerabilities are identified, then we’d surely be safe… that seems to be today’s mindset. To a certain extent, that’s true, but it’s also false.

The idea of auto-updates is not new, it’s been around for a while. It’s all the rave as of late when we talk about websites. It only makes sense, if you know that the weakest link in the chain is the end-user (whom for whatever reason is unable to update) then remove the weakest link, and remove the choice.

The Challenges of Auto Updates in Website Security

There are however a few challenges that come to mind when I think about Auto-Updates, specifically how they relate to Website Security:

Does little against Unknowns
Introduces an unmanageable access point
Goes against best practices
Requires applications to write to itself

How Hosts Manage Your Website Security

Published in Security on November 7, 2014

Hosts are concerned with the security of their infrastructure, not with your website.

This is a distinction that most website owners fail to make, and it’s made more evident to me every day. This same misunderstanding however puts hosts in a precarious situation where clients expect security, and to some extent get it, but on the other it’s not the type that matters nor will it address today’s challenges. This is all compounded by the economics that drives the hosting ecosystem.

I should probably clarify however that this is probably not a blanket statement for hosts. But for a majority of today’s Shared hosts that deal specifically with end-user websites, it’s very much the case.

Website Security is about Passwords?

Published in Security on October 30, 2014

Perhaps the thing that annoys me the most when I hear security being shared with end users is when they get the information wrong or overemphasis on things they don’t understand or can’t support. This is the problem in the way we communicate, especially in the WordPress community. This is applicable to all communities though, regardless of platform.

To be clear, in case the title was misleading, this sentiment is wrong and we should do a better job at communicating security.

It All Lies Within the World of Passwords

Most of the nonsense I hear around this comes from folks with a very small perspective into the world of security, and as of late seems to stem from the access control guys (those that are fighting the password game).

How We Think About Website Security

Published in Security on October 30, 2014

I recently attended WordCamp San Francisco (WCSF) where Matt Mullenweg, founder of the WordPress project and CEO of Automattic, gave his annual State of the Word.

WordCamps are informal, community-organized events that are put together by WordPress users like you. Everyone from casual users to core developers participate, share ideas, and get to know each other.

WordCamp Central

As I sat there and listened to the various accomplishments the platform had achieved, one common theme continued to pop in my head around security. It’s a theme that plagues all platforms, not just WordPress. It’s something that my business partner and I struggle with on a daily basis — it’s the biggest vulnerability every website and CMS faces, it’s users.

Accounting for Security in Website Projects

Published in Security on October 5, 2014

Many know very little about me, my past what I used to do, most just know me for my time in security. There was a time though that I spent as Project / Program Manager for a couple different organizations. I even dabbled in a WordPress centric design / development shop called CubicTwo in early 2010.

The scale of the projects and programs I was involved in ranged from $50,000 to over $6,000,000 (multiple at any given time) and varied in complexity (these weren’t simple websites, they were enterprise level systems). While different in size and scale, they did hold similarities to what most website projects today look like, just at a very different level. I fortunately had the luxury that my stakeholders didn’t require any education on the importance of security, being they were municipalities or government entities, the security discussion was a lot easier.

This however is not the case for everyday website projects, and worth taking some time to discuss.

The Dilemma that is WordPress Security

Published in Security on August 9, 2014

The past few weeks WordPress Security has come to the forefront of the discussion again, as it often does every few months. As is often the case, it’s highly emotional and generates a lot of discussion. Chris Lema shared a post, Our discussions around WordPress security should change, and that sparked some interesting conversations.

He’s absolutely right, it should.

What many fail to realize within the community however is that the crux of the problem goes beyond Access Control and Software Vulnerabilities. The problem is the end-user, the website owner, the grandma turned website owner, the full-time mommy turned SEO expert, and the message that is pushed from top down through the various niches / factions of clicks within the community.

The irony of it all is that it revolves around the concept that made WordPress so popular — it’s ease of use.

Explaining XSS and CSRF By Google

Published in Security on June 25, 2014

Came across this video earlier today and found it very informative — explaining the difference between XSS and CSRF (XSRF). I find that most people rarely understand or differentiate between the two so hopefully this video helps. It’s laid out in a very clear way.

Secure Your Traffic on Public WiFi

Published in Security on May 5, 2014

Often when I give talks on website security one of the various discussion points is, and rightfully so, around your individual posture when interacting on the web. This often means being aware of things like transferring your data insecurely over the web.

This insecure act is often achieved through the use public WifI access points (i.e., Starbucks, Airports, Hotels, etc.). The most obvious solution, or what feels like the most obvious is to work off a Virtual Private Network (VPN). When talking to a Network / Systems / Security individual this is the obvious choice, but to the everyday consumer it’s not.

Forensics: Analyzing a WordPress Attack / Hack

Published in Security on November 8, 2013

Recently one of our honeypots was it by an attacker and in the process we were able to gather a bunch of good intelligence on the actions taken by the attacker.

I write and detail the forensics of the attack in my latest post, for Sucuri: Case Study: Analyzing a WordPress Attack – Dissecting the webr00t cgi shell – Part I. My goal is to put out a part II next week in which we break down the shell used.

All in all, it was pretty interesting and amusing at the same time. Any questions or insight let me know.

Check Out The Article

Analysis of Top 1 Million Domains

Published in Business on September 6, 2013

Over at Sucuri, our researchers have been having fun downloading the internet, in the process they found some interesting data…

Also be sure to check out the blog post, Over 10 of Alexa Top Million Websites Are Not Safe, on the subject.

Get The Data

OSSEC – Detecting New Files – Understanding How it Works

Published in Security on July 27, 2013

I recently saw some discussion in the OSSEC distribution list of someone having an issue with getting OSSEC syscheck to work right in real-time. It reminded me of a similar issue I had with my own configuration and others I have read about, so I figured I’d write something to shed light on how OSSEC’s syscheck works in real-time. Thanks ofcourse to Dani for the assist.

Syscheck – Integrity Checking Daemon

If you’re familiar with OSSEC, then you know syscheck, if you’re not then this section will get you caught up – I hope.

Syscheck is the integrity checking daemon within OSSEC. It’s purpose is simple, identify and report on changes within the system files. The way it works is simple, when you first install OSSEC it runs an initial syscheck scan, this scan will go through and capture the check sum of every file on the system (every file you have identified in your configuration file – /var/ossec/etc/ossec.conf). Once the baseline is set, syscheck is able to perform change detection by comparing all the checksums on each scan. If it’s not a 1 for 1 match, it reports it as a change. If new files are added, it identifies it as new, and reports it.

Simple, right? Right…

Crazy April for the WordPress Platform

Published in Security on April 25, 2013

In case you haven’t been following the month of April has been a bit of a whirlwind for website owners, specifically those using the WordPress platform. The good news is it’s motivated me to start writing again, not so much here but on our company blog. That being said, let me get you caught up on what’s been going on.

Fortunately, it all started off with my presentation at WordCamp Miami, which was pretty awesome I might add.

It really kicked off with the big challenges presented by the apparent abuse of trust that came from the Social Media Widget plugin.

If you didn’t hear, the original developer of the plugin sold the rights to a marketing firm, who then outsourced it to a freelancer. That freelancer then took it upon himself to inject code into the core of the plugin, so when it was pushed to the repository and notified everyone of updates it injected everyone with the payload. Nasty, I know. Talk about taking all the fun out of hacking, boo for laziness, yay for ingenuity. The obvious downside here being the abuse of trust as I just stated, making you wonder what is being done to address that very apparent vulnerability. What do you think?

WordPress Website Security: WordSesh 2013

Published in Security on April 15, 2013

Here is an online presentation I gave at WordSesh 2013. Always weird when you give an online presentation, unable to gauge the crowd and respond accordingly. Look forward to your feedback.

WordCamp Miami 2013: WordPress Website Security

Published in Security on April 3, 2013

I’ll be in Miami this weekend, for WordCamp Miami 2013, giving a new, updated talk on Website Security. Come by and say hi if you’re around — If you’re not, no problem, I’ve included my slides below in this post for your reference.

My talk is titled Staying of the Website Threats and Becoming One with Malware. In it, I talk about the latest threats and things you can do to help yourself and your site stay secure. The idea is to educate and in the process, help you gain a deeper appreciation for the underbelly of the web and the realities of the web based malware.

OSSEC For Website Security: Part I

Published in Security on March 13, 2013

OSSEC HIDS is my preferred host-based intrusion detection system (HIDS). I have to admit I am a bit partial to it because my good friend Daniel Cid built it and sold it to Trend Micro / Third Brigade back in 2008. I have what many don’t have, that’s the ability to pester Daniel until he tells me and guides through all my issues. In the process I have learned a number of things and made some very interesting observations about the product, here is where I will be sharing them.

Being that my focus is on website security my employment and utilization of the product will be as such. I won’t talk much to the configuration and monitoring of large scale enterprises, but will likely get into large n-tier implementations of web enterprises. This could include the utilization of load balancers, web servers and database servers, and possibly some storage devices. Pretty straight forward stuff.

Protect Your Website Vulnerabilities With a WAF: New Compairson Report: CloudFlare vs Incapsula vs ModSecurity

Published in Security on March 9, 2013

A new report came out in February, put together by Zero Science Lab, in which they compare the effectiveness between CloudFlare and Incapsula. In it they did the same thing Philip Tibom of Sweden did last year in his comparative report in which he concluded that Incapsula was the superior product. In this new report they included the use of TrustWave’s ModSecurity solution. The thing that website owners have to understand however is that comparing the three is a bit misleading.

Incapsula and Cloudflare are the two leading WAF solutions set up as a software as a service (SaaaS) designed to help every day website owners. CloudFlare probably trumps Incapsula actually in their marketing prowess. ModSecurity, although powerful, is the opposite. It’s something you’d have to configure and maintain on your web servers.

Security Implications of WordPress in The Enterprise

Published in Security on January 30, 2013

My Chileno brother from another mother, Chris Lema, put out a great guest post on WPEngine yesterday talking about WordPress and the Enterprise. He talks to the how and why of it’s emergence in the enterprise scene, but in the process makes a number of statements that very clearly explains the challenges we face as information security professionals. That, however, does not take away from the great points he makes around why it is a good enterprise platform.

Quick side note:

If you’re not familiar with Chris Lema, he’s perhaps one of the most engaging and insightful people you’ll meet and loves to write. WP Engine on the other hand is one of the premiere managed WordPress hosting providers in today’s market specializing in the ability to make your website grow wings, yes like Red Bull.

The Discussion

Of the various things I do at Sucuri, the one I am fondest of, is the ability to lead our incident / intrusion handling team. This is an unadvertised service that we provide enterprises. At a high-level we perform forensic analysis of the incident, outline the impacts of the compromise and perform offensive countermeasures to attacks if so required. It’s in this capacity that I have gained a unique perspective on this subject. I can attest to its arrival in the enterprise, and I’d argue that it’s no longer sneaking in – that was perhaps 2 years ago.